Close Spaced Sublimation (CSS) is a critical process for cell manufacturing. This method involves sublimating the source material and depositing it onto a substrate placed in close proximity. The CSS technique offers significant advantages, such as high deposition rates, excellent film uniformity, and scalability for large-area module production. These factors make CSS a cost-effective and efficient solution for manufacturers aiming to meet increasing demand for e.g. CdTe solar modules.